July 23, 2012,
On MRI (magnetic resonance imaging), children with histories of any institutional rearing had significantly smaller gray matter volumes in the cortex of the brain than never-institutionalized children, even if they had been placed in foster care.
Children who remained in institutional care had significantly reduced white matter volume as compared with those never institutionalized.
"Our cognitive studies suggest that there may be a sensitive period spanning the first two years of life within which the onset of foster care exerts a maximal effect on cognitive development," Nelson notes. "The younger a child is when placed in foster care, the better the outcome."
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